Robotics has become an essential component of lean manufacturing, allowing companies to automate their processes and eliminate waste. Robots can perform tasks such as assembly, packaging, and material handling, reducing the need for human labour and increasing efficiency. They can also work around the clock, reducing downtime and improving productivity. Mobile devices such as smartphones and tablets are becoming more prevalent in manufacturing, allowing workers to access data and information from anywhere in the factory. This enables greater collaboration and communication, allowing workers to share information. 

Real-time data analysis is critical to lean manufacturing, enabling companies to monitor their production lines and make adjustments on the fly. By implementing sensors and other monitoring devices, companies can collect data on machine performance, product quality, and other metrics, allowing them to identify and address issues before they become major problems. This helps reduce waste and improve efficiency, leading to cost savings and profitability.